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+Block chain
+
+- Block chain is a database
+- Bespoke data structure
+
+"Not crpyto"
+
+General Purpose block chain:
+
+Why?
+- Data in block is immutable
+- Don't edit or remove, you append
+- traceability (Auditing / logging)
+- Verifiability (Data must be fully valid)
+- reproducibility
+- decentralisation
+- Trust-less (Removes need for trust)
+- transparency
+
+How?
+- What type?
+ - public - will be hacked
+ - shared - shared ledger
+ - private
+- Cryptography
+ - pub/rivate keys
+ - sign information
+ - verifablity
+ - Elliptic Curves
+ - openssl ecparam -list_curves
+ - Addressing
+ - can shorten public keys massively
+ - Hash algorithm
+ - Integrity
+ - 2x sha256 (sha256(sha256($data)))
+ - 4B version, 32B hash of last Block, 32B hash of data block, 4B timestamp, 4B difficulty, 4B nonce
+ - Merkle tree - binary hash tree
+ - Merkle path - list of hashes through the tree
+ - Genesis block - First block in the chain
+ - Special as it's first
+ - Prevents exploitation by being hardcoded
+
+- consensus
+ - Confidence
+ - chain forking needs resolution
+ - bitcoin users longest chain wins
+ - proof of work / proof of stake
+ - difficulty is no of zeros that need to be at the start of the hash
+ - others (proof of burn, proof of time, proof of ....)
+
+
+- Smart contracts
+ - Programs that are included in the chain
+ - e.g. A loan paid by the chain
+
+- Lighting network (drawback off blockhain is it focuses on integrity not perf)
+ - Off chain transactions with on-chain settlement
+
+- Not all blockchains are chains
+ - IOTA Tangle
+
+- Challenges
+ - Fault tolerance
+ - You lose control of public/shared blockchains
+ - Now way to enforce software updates
+ - Conflict resolution
+ - Integration with current systems
+ - Security
+ - Cryptography is first and last line of defence
+
+- Not perfect for:
+ - scalability
+ - performance
+ - throughput
+
+- Incentives
+ - Mining in currencies
+ - Power for money
+- Privacy
+ - Protect data
+
+- Hard forks
+- 51% attacks
+
+- Right solution for the right kind of problem
+
+- Event sourcing on steroids